Kutsatira kukhazikitsidwa kwa chidziwitso choyambirira chazingwe zapanyanja zam'madzim'magazini yapitayi, lero tipitiriza kufotokoza ndondomeko yeniyeni ya zingwe zapanyanja zam'madzi.Mwachidule, zingwe zapaintaneti wamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ma kondakitala, zigawo zotchingira, zotchingira zotchingira, ndi zotchingira zakunja, pomwe zingwe zama netiweki zokhala ndi zida zimapangidwa ndi ma conductor, zigawo zotchingira, zotchingira zotchinga, zotchingira zamkati, zida zankhondo, ndi masheti akunja.Tingaone kuti zida maukonde zingwe osati owonjezera wosanjikiza zida poyerekeza ochiritsira maukonde zingwe, komanso kukhala ndi wosanjikiza zina zoteteza mkati m'chimake.Kenako, titenga aliyense pang'onopang'ono kuti timvetsetse mozama za zingwe zama netiweki zam'madzi.
1. Kondakitala
Thezipangizo za network chingwema conductor atha kugawidwa mkuwa, mkuwa weniweni, waya wa aluminiyamu, aluminiyamu yamkuwa, chitsulo chamkuwa, ndi mitundu ina.Malinga ndi muyezo wa IEC 61156-5-2020, ma conductors amkuwa olimba okhala ndi ma diameter apakati pa 0.4mm ndi 0.65mm amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazingwe zamaukonde.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, anthu ali ndi zofunikira zowonjezereka za kuchuluka kwa kufalitsa ndi kukhazikika kwa zingwe za intaneti.Makondakitala okhala ndi ma conductivity ofooka monga mawaya a aluminiyamu, aluminiyamu yovala zamkuwa, ndi chitsulo chachitsulo chamkuwa achotsedwa pang'onopang'ono pamsika, ndi zida zamkuwa zokhala ndi mkuwa zomwe zikukhala pamsika wambiri.Poyerekeza ndi ma conductor a mkuwa oyera, mkuwa wokhala ndi zitini umakhala ndi zinthu zokhazikika zamakemikolo ndipo umatha kukana dzimbiri za ma conductor ndi okosijeni, mankhwala, ndi chinyezi, potero zimasunga bata.
Mapangidwe a ma network cable conductor amagawidwa kukhala olimba kondakitala ndi kondakitala wa stranded.Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, kondakitala wolimba amatanthauza waya umodzi wamkuwa, pomwe woyendetsa wokhazikika amakhala ndi mawaya ang'onoang'ono amkuwa omwe amakulungidwa mozungulira, okhazikika.Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma conductor osokonekera ndi ma kondakitala olimba ndi momwe amayendera.Chifukwa cha gawo lalikulu la gawo la waya, m'munsi mwake kutayika koyikapo.Choncho, attenuation wa kondakitala stranded ndi 20% -50% wamkulu kuposa kondakitala olimba.Ndipo pali mipata pakati pa zingwe za waya wamkuwa mu kondakitala wotsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kukana kwa DC.Nthawi zambiri, mainjiniya amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zolimba zapaintaneti.Akakumana ndi zochitika zapadera zomwe zimafunikira mipata yopapatiza komanso mawaya osinthika, adzagwiritsa ntchito ma kondakitala osinthasintha kuti akwaniritse zofunika kuziyika.
Ambiri zingwe maukonde ntchito specifications awiri a kondakitala: 23AWG (0.57mm) ndi 24AWG (0.51mm).CAT5E imagwiritsa ntchito ma conductor a 24AWG, pomwe CAT6, CAT6A, CAT7, ndi CAT7A imafunikira magwiridwe antchito abwinoko, kotero ma conductor 23AWG adzagwiritsidwa ntchito.Zachidziwikire, mafotokozedwe a IEC samayika bwino mawaya amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zingwe zama netiweki.Malingana ngati njira yopangira ndi yabwino kwambiri komanso kutumizirana zinthu kumakwaniritsa zofunikira, ma kondakitala a 24AWG ndi oyeneranso ku CAT6 komanso pamwamba pa zingwe za netiweki.
2. Kusungunula
Chingwe chosungunula cha chingwe cha netiweki chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kupewa kutayikira kwa ma sigino panthawi yopatsira chingwe, potero kupewa kutayikira kwa data.Malinga ndi ma IEC60092-360 wamba komanso mawaya apanyumba monga GB/T 50311-2016, zida za polyethylene (HDPE) kapena thovu la polyethylene (PE Foam) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zotchingira zingwe zapanyanja zam'madzi.High kachulukidwe polyethylene ali kwambiri kukana kutentha kwambiri ndi otsika, mphamvu makina katundu, mkulu dielectric mosalekeza, ndi zabwino chilengedwe kupsinjika.Chifukwa cha ntchito yake yabwino kwambiri, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Polyethylene yokhala ndi thovu ndiyoyenera kutengera zingwe zapaintaneti zapaintaneti zokhala ndi CAT6A komanso zomwe zili pamwambazi chifukwa champhamvu zake zama dielectric.
3. Mafupa a mtanda
Chigoba cha mtanda, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti mtanda keel, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa awiriawiri azingwe zapaintanetimbali zinayi zosiyanasiyana, potero kuchepetsa crosstalk pakati pa awiriawiri;Mtanda wamtanda nthawi zambiri umapangidwa ndi HDPE yokhala ndi mainchesi a 0.5mm.Gulu la 6 ndi pamwamba pa zingwe zapaintaneti zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chizindikiro cha "phokoso" chifukwa chofuna kutumiza deta ya 1Gps kapena kuposa.Zofunika zapamwamba zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza mphamvu za zingwe.Choncho, pa Gulu la 6 ndi pamwamba pa zingwe zapaintaneti zomwe sizigwiritsa ntchito zotchinga za aluminiyamu zotchingira mawaya, padzagwiritsidwa ntchito mawaya olekanitsa mafupa awiri.
Komabe, palibe kugwiritsa ntchito mafupa amtundu wa 5 pazingwe zama netiweki ndi zingwe zapaintaneti zotetezedwa ndi ma aluminium zojambulazo.Chifukwa bandwidth yotumizira ya Super Five network chingwe yokha si yayikulu, mawonekedwe opotoka a chingwecho amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza.Choncho, palibe chifukwa cha mafupa a mtanda.Chojambula cha aluminiyamu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutchingira chingwe cha netiweki chokha chimatha kuteteza kusokoneza kwa ma electromagnetic kwambiri.Choncho, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mafupa a mtanda.Chingwe cholimba chimagwira ntchito poletsa chingwe cha netiweki kuti chisatambasulidwe komanso kusokoneza magwiridwe ake.Pakadali pano, opanga zingwe zazikulu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe za fiberglass kapena nayiloni ngati zingwe zolimba.
4. Chishango
Chotchinga chotchinga cha chingwe cha netiweki chimatanthawuza zojambulazo za aluminiyamu ndi mauna oluka, ndipo chotchingacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuteteza kusokoneza kwamagetsi ndikuwonetsetsa kufalikira kwazizindikiro.Chotchinga chotchinga cha chishango chimodzinetwork chingwendi wosanjikiza umodzi wokha wa zojambulazo za aluminiyamu, zokhala ndi makulidwe osachepera 0.012mm ndi kuchulukana kokwanira kosachepera 20%.Chingwe cha filimu ya pulasitiki ya PET, yomwe imadziwika kuti Mylar, idzakulungidwa pakati pa chingwe ndi aluminiyumu yotchinga imodzi yotchinga yotchinga kuti isungunuke pakalipano pakati pa chingwe ndi chitsulo chotchinga chachitsulo ndikuletsa kuwonjezereka kwamakono kuti zisawononge chingwe.Pali mitundu iwiri ya zingwe zama netiweki zotetezedwa kawiri, imodzi ndi SF/UTP (zotchingira zakunja + zotchingira za aluminiyamu zotchingira), ndipo ina ndi S/FTP (waya woluka + wakunja kupita ku zotchinga pang'ono za aluminiyamu).Onsewa amapangidwa ndi zojambulazo za aluminiyamu ndi mauna oluka, pomwe mauna oluka amapangidwa ndi waya wamkuwa wamkuwa wokhala ndi mainchesi osachepera 0.5mm, ndipo kachulukidwe woluka amatha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira zachilengedwe.Nthawi zambiri, pali magiya angapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga 45%, 65%, ndi 80%.Malinga ndi muyezo wa IEC60092-350 wopangira zingwe zam'madzi, waya wokhazikika womwe umalumikizana ndi chitsulo pamwamba pa chishango chotchinga uyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chingwe chimodzi chotetezedwa kuti chiteteze kuwonongeka kosasunthika, pomwe chingwe cha netiweki chotetezedwa pawiri sichimatero. ziyenera kuonjezedwa monga chitsulo choluka chosanjikiza chimatha kutulutsa magetsi osasunthika.
5. Zida
Chingwe cha netiweki chankhondo chimatanthawuza chingwe cha netiweki chokhala ndi chitsulo choteteza zida zankhondo.Cholinga chowonjezera zida zankhondo pa chingwe cha netiweki sikuti ndikungowonjezera chitetezo cha makina monga kulimba kwamphamvu komanso mphamvu yopondereza kuti italikitse moyo wake wautumiki, komanso kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yolimbana ndi kusokoneza poteteza chitetezo.Mtundu wa zida za zingwe zam'madzi zam'madzi zimakhala zida zoluka, zopangidwa ndi waya wachitsulo, waya wamkuwa, waya wamkuwa wachitsulo, kapena waya wa aloyi wamkuwa womwe umakwaniritsa muyezo wa ISO7959-2.Pakupanga zenizeni, zida zambiri zamawaya zimapangidwa ndi galvanized steel weaving (GSWB) ndi kuluka waya wamkuwa (TCWB).Zinthu za GSWB zili ndi mphamvu zamakina apamwamba kwambiri ndipo zimalimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera malo omwe ali ndi zofunika kwambiri pakulimba kwa chingwe;Zinthu za TCWB zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, utali wopindika wocheperako, koma mphamvu zochepa, ndipo ndizoyenera malo omwe ali ndi zofunika kwambiri pakulimba kwa chingwe.
6. Jacket
Mchimake wakunja wanetwork chingwenthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti sheath yakunja.Ntchito yake ndi kukulunga mapeyala anayi a zingwe za netiweki mumlengalenga, kuwongolera mawaya, ndikuteteza mawaya anayi mu zingwe za netiweki.Chovala chakunja chimafuna mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso ofananira, kupanga cholimba cha homogeneous, ndikuphimba zigawo zomwe zili pansipa.Pochotsa mchimake wakunja, sizingawononge kutsekereza kwamkati kapena chitetezo.Malinga ndi zofunikira za DNV Classification Society, makulidwe a m'chimake chakunja kwa chingwe cha network network Dt = 0.04 · Df (m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa mkati mwa sheath) + 0.5mm, ndipo makulidwe ochepera ndi 0.7mm.Zingwe zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi zimakhala ndi utsi wochepa wa halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin (LSZH), womwe umagawidwa m'magulu atatu: LSZH-SHF1, LSZH-SHF2, ndi LSZH-SHF2 MUD, ndipo umakumana ndi zinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa mu IEC60092 -360.Zinthu za LSZH zikawotchedwa, kuchuluka kwa utsi kumakhala kotsika kwambiri ndipo kulibe ma halogen (fluorochlorobromine iodine astatine), motero simatulutsa mpweya wambiri wapoizoni.Nkhani yapitayi idawonetsa kuti LSZH-SHF1 ndiyofala kwambiri komanso yoyenera m'malo ambiri am'nyumba, pomwe LSZH-SHF2 ndi LSZH-SHF2 MUD ndizoyenera malo ovuta kwambiri, monga FPSO ndi magetsi akunyanja.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-09-2023